アプリケーション（技術資料）

In this poster a convenient direct injection suppressed ion chromatographic method for determining chloride and sulfate in denatured ethanol samples according to ASTM D7319 is presented.

Quality and process control of biofuels require straightforward, fast and accurate analysis methods. Ion chromatography (IC) is at the leading edge of this effort. Traces of anions in a gasoline/ethanol blend can accurately be determined in the sub-ppb range after Metrohm Inline Matrix Elimination using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression. While the analyte anions are retained on the preconcentration column, the interfering organic gasoline/bioethanol matrix is washed away.Detrimental alkali metals and water-extractable alkaline earth metals in biodiesel are determined in the sub-ppm range using cation chromatography with direct conductivity detection applying automated extraction with nitric acid and subsequent Metrohm Inline Dialysis. Unlike high-molecular substances, ions in the high-ionic strength matrix diffuse through a membrane into the low-ionic water acceptor solution. In biogas reactor samples, low-molecular-weight organic acids stem from the biodegradation of organic matter. Their profile allows important conclusions concerning conversion in the anaerobic digestion reaction. Volatile fatty acids and lactate can be accurately determined by using ion-exclusion chromatography with suppressed conductivity detection after inline dialysis or filtration.

The combination of 850 Professional IC, 858 Professional Sample Processor, Dosino and MagIC NetTM software offers a variety of sophisticated ion chromatographic sample preparation techniques. One of these is the automated inline dilution of samples.After the first sample injection, MagIC NetTM verifies if the area of the sample peak lies within the calibration range. If the measured peak area is outside these limits, the software calculates the appropriate dilution factor, dilutes and automatically re-injects the sample. For all investigated ions (Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, F-, Cl- , NO2-, Br-, NO3-, SO42- ), automated logical dilution yielded coefficients of determination (R2) better than 0.9999. Direct-injection recoveries for cations and anions were within 98.6…99.5% and 93.4…100.4% respectively. In contrast, after logical dilution, recoveries for cations and anions were within 100.1…102.9% and 98.2…102.6% respectively. The relative standard deviations for all determinations involving diluted sample solutions were smaller than 0.91%.

The analytical challenge treated by the present work consists in detecting sub-ppm quantities of bromide, sulfate, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and several alkaline earth metals in the presence of very high concentrations of sodium and chloride. Bromide, sulfate, acetate and butyrate can be reliably determined by suppressed conductivity detection. Due to matrix effects, propionate can only be detected qualitatively. This drawback can be overcome by coupling the ion chromatograph (IC) to a mass spectrometric (MS) detector. This results in reduced matrix interferences and significantly enhanced sensitivities. The cations magnesium, barium and strontium are determined by non-suppressed conductivity detection.

The study of adverse effects of air pollution requires semi-continuous, rapid and accurate measurements of inorganic species in aerosols and their gas phase components in ambient air. The most promising instruments, often referred to as steam collecting devices, are the Particle-Into-Liquid-Sampler (PILS) coupled to wet-chemical analyzers such as a cation and/or anion chromatograph (IC) and the Monitoring instrument for AeRosols and GAses (MARGA) with two integrated ICs. Both instruments comprise gas denuders, a condensation particle growth sampler as well as pump and control devices. While PILS uses two consecutive fixed denuders and a downstream growth chamber, the MARGA system is composed of a Wet Rotating Denuder (WRD) and a Steam-Jet Aerosol Collector (SJAC). Although the aerosol samplers of PILS and MARGA use different assemblies, both apply the technique of growing aerosol particles into droplets in a supersaturated water vapor environment. Previously mixed with carrier water, the collected droplets are continuously fed into sample loops or preconcentration columns for on-line IC analysis. While PILS has been designed to sample aerosols only, MARGA additionally determines water-soluble gases. Compared to the classical denuders, which remove gases from the air sample upstream of the growth chamber, MARGA collects the gaseous species in a WRD for on-line analysis. In contrast to the gases, aerosols have low diffusion speeds and thus neither dissolve in the PILS denuders nor in the WRD. Proper selection of the ion chromatographic conditions of PILS-IC allows a precise determination, within 4 to 5 minutes, of seven major inorganic species (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, NO3- and SO4 2-) in fine aerosol particles. With longer analysis times (10-15 minutes) even airborne low-molecular-weight organic acids, such as acetate, formate and oxalate can be analyzed. MARGA additionally facilitates the simultaneous determination of HCl, HNO3, HNO2, SO2 and NH3.PILS and MARGA provide semi-continuous, long-term stand-alone measurements (1 week) and can measure particulate pollutants in the ng/m3 range.

The analytical challenge treated in the present work consists in detecting trace concentrations (ppb) of bromide in the presence of a strong chloride matrix. This problem was overcome by separating the bromide ions from the main fraction of the early eluting chloride matrix (several g/L) by applying two sequential chromatographic separations on the same column. After the first separation, the main fraction of the interfering chloride matrix is flushed to waste, while the later eluting anions are diverted to an anion-retaining preconcentration column. After elution in counter flow, the bromide ions are efficiently separated from the marginal chloride residues. The four-point calibration curves for bromide and sulfate are linear in the range of 10…100 µg/L and 200…800 µg/L and yield correlation coefficients of 0.99988 and 0.99953 respectively. For the method shown here, a second injection valve and a preconcentration column are the only additional devices needed to master this demanding separation problem.

Several testing methods such as the determination of the acid and the iodine numbers in biodiesel as well as the quantification of sulfate and chloride in bioethanol are described.

The combination of 850 Professional IC, 858 Professional Sample Processor, Dosino and MagIC NetTM software offers a variety of automated ion chromatographic sample preparation and calibration techniques available as an anion, cation or dual channel system. Calibration is straightforward and requires only one multi-ion standard.Inline calibration allows the calibration of any standard concentration in the ppt range by using one single stable standard solution at the ppb level. By using a preconcentration column and switching the valves one, two or more times different calibration concentrations at the ultra-trace level can be created with unprecedented reproducibility. The inline preconcentration technique uses a pre-concentration column and is ideally suited for trace analysis in complex matrices, especially when combined with matrix elimination. Besides facilitating the preparation of g/L to ng/L calibration graphs Metrohm`s intelligent techniques are capable of logical decision making. While Metrohm`s intelligent Partial Loop technique (MiPT) allows samples with a wide concentration range to be injected without previous manual dilution, the intelligent inline dilution technique, after the first sample injection, compares peak areas, calculates, if necessary, the dilution factor, dilutes and automatically re-injects the sample. The presented inline techniques allow the rationalization of the time-consuming, error-prone and cost-intensive manual preparation of standard solutions. They guarantee that the determined sample concentrations always lie within the calibration range. Higher sample throughputs as well as lower analysis costs and improved data reliability are achieved.

The analytical challenge treated in the present work consists in the determination of chloride, phosphate and sulfate in the presence of difficult sample matrices that interact with the stationary column phase or even render it unusable. Metrohm`s patented stopped-flow dialysis coupled to the new 881 Compact IC pro ion chromatograph overcomes these drawbacks. Two standard solutions covering the concentration ranges 1.0…3.6 mg/L and 10…36 mg/L as well as two samples, an ultra-high temperature (UHT) processed milk and a baby milk powder, were characterized in terms of analyte concentration, relative standard deviation, calibration quality, carryover and recovery rates. While the five-point calibration curves yielded correlation coefficients (R) better than 0.9999, carryover (between two subsequent injections of a concentrated sample and a blank) was less than 0.49%. Recoveries for the low (10…36 mg/L) and high standard concentrations (1.0…3.6 mg/L) were within 91…99% and 94…100%, respectively. Automated compact stopped-flow dialysis is a leading-edge sample preparation technique that ensures optimum separation performance by effectively protecting the column from detrimental matrix compounds.

Inline coupling of the 815 Robotic Soliprep with an ion chromatograph (IC) allows the straightforward determination of anions and cations in tablets. After automatic solvent addition and subsequent comminution, the homogenized tablet samples (Singulair and Bezafibrat) are filtered and subsequently transferred to the injector. The completely automated sample preparation saves both time and money, guarantees traceability of each sample preparation step and yields correct and precise results. In the range of 0.2…50 mg/L, six-point calibration curves for anions and cations yield correlation coefficients better than 0.99990 and 0.99991, respectively. While relative standard deviations (RSDs) for sub-ppm levels of nitrate, sulfate, calcium and magnesium in Singulair and Bezafibrat are smaller than 3.64%, RSD of ppm levels of chloride is better than 0.83%. The application of further inline sample preparation steps such as pulverizing, extracting, filtering or diluting facilitates numerous custom-tailored setups for ion determinations in exacting matrices such as animal feed, sediments or food.

This poster provides an overview of ion chromatographic methods combined with inline sample preparation for the determination of anions and water-extractable cations in biofuels. In addition, the determination of the oxidation stability is described.

この研究では、オフラインの手動フィルター抽出とそれに続くイオンクロマトグラフ分析を含むフィルターベースの方法で得られた空気サンプリングデータを、イオンクロマトグラフ（PILS-IC）に接続された自動Particle-Into-Liquid-Samplerで得られたデータと比較します。 -ICは、エアロゾルサンプリング用の簡単な機器であり、長期間の無人操作をほぼリアルタイムで測定できるため、エアロゾル粒子のイオン組成の急激な変化を監視するために不可欠なツールです。

Available sample size, mass sensitivity, efficiency and the detector type are important criteria in the selection of separation column dimensions. Compared to conventional 4 mm i.d. columns, microbore columns excel, above all, by their low eluent consumption. Once an eluent is prepared, it can be used for a long time. Additionally, the lower flow rates of microbore columns facilitate the hyphenation to mass spectrometers due to the improved ionization efficiency in the ion source.With the same injected sample amount, a halved column diameter involves a lower eluent flow and results in an approximate four-fold sensitivity increase. In a converse conclusion, this means that with less sample amount, microbore columns achieve the same chromatographic sensitivity and resolution than normal bore columns. This makes them ideally suited for samples of limited availability.

Metrohm`s intelligent Preconcentration Technique with Matrix Elimination (MiPCT-ME) excels in its capacity to perform automatic ion chromatographic determinations over 6 orders of magnitude. Crucial requirements for this are the system`s intelligence and the exact measurement of the sample volume. While the intelligence allows to compare results and take decisions, the dosing device takes over the high-precision liquid handling of even single-digit microliter volumes to the preconcentration column. By using only one analytical setup and without additional rinsing, samples containing both ultratraces and high concentrations can be analyzed.As the other Metrohm Inline Techniques, the MiPCT-ME technique presented reduces the workload, ensures complete traceability, is free of carryover effects and significantly improves accuracy and reproducibility of the results.

The poster presents the ion chromatographic determination of organic degradation products such as glycolate, formate and acetate besides the standard anions fluoride, chloride, nitrate and sulfate.

Determination of chloride and sulfate in the presence of high nitrate concentrations. Optimization of the chromatographic separation by variation of the temperature and eluent composition.

Three different suppressor systems are compared in terms of sensitivity. Additionally, binary gradient elution was applied to analyze phosphates in the presence of mono- and divalent ions.

The poster describes how different suppressors (MSM and MCS) work and mentions possible applications.

This poster presents an approach that couples a Particle-Into-Liquid-Sampler (PILS) to a dual-channel ion chromatograph (IC) for measurement of aerosol anions and cations and a voltammetric measuring stand (VA) to determine the heavy metals. Feasibility of the PILS-IC-VA online system was demonstrated by collecting aerosol samples in Herisau Switzerland, at defined time intervals; air pollution events were simulated by burning lead- and cadmium-coated sparklers.

The Combustion IC system presented allows the automated determination of organic halogen and sulfur compounds in all flammable samples. Both combustion digestion, which is automatically controlled with a flame sensor, and the professional Liquid Handling guarantee highest precision and trueness. This poster describes the determination of the halogen and sulfur content in a certified polymer standard, a coal reference material as well as in latex and vinyl gloves.

AAPS会議にてUSPと共同で発表されたこのポスターは、原薬、炭酸水素カリウムならびに炭酸カリウム中の塩化物および硫酸塩の測定のためのICメソッドの検証に弊社が成功したことを紹介するものです。ここで提案されているICメソッドは、比濁法/目視比較メソッドの限界を克服するものです。

If chloride and bromide are present in approximately equal molar concentrations they can be titrated directly with silver nitrate solution after addition of barium acetate. If, however, the molar ratio n(Br-) : n(Cl-) changes from 1 : 1 to 1 : 5, 1 : 10, 5 : 1 or 10 : 1 then greater relative errors must be expected with this method. The Bulletin describes an additional titration method that allows bromide to be determined in the presence of a large excess of chloride. The determination of small chloride concentrations in the presence of a large excess of bromide is not possible by titration.

The quality of egg-based pasta is primarily determined by its egg content. Also of importance, however, is the water content, which influences the storage life of the product, as well as the degree of acidity which, in the case of high values, indicates undesirable acidification during processing or drying. A check of the chloride content shows whether salt has been added to the pasta.

This Bulletin describes analysis methods for determining the following parameters: pH value, total titratable acid, ash alkalinity, formol number, total sulfurous acid, chloride, sulfate, calcium, and magnesium. These methods are suitable for the analysis of jams, fruit and vegetable juices, and their concentrates.

この技術資料では電位差自動滴定装置を使用した、DIN 10316、ISO/TS 11869、IDF/RM 150、ISO 6091、IDF 86準拠による牛乳とヨーグルトに含まれる酸の測定。EN ISO 5943、IDF 88、ISO 15648、IDF 179、ISO 21422、IDF 242準拠による牛乳、バター、チーズに含まれる塩化物含有量の測定について紹介しています。さらに、TETを用いた牛乳に含まれるナトリウム含有量の測定について紹介しています。AOCS Cd 12b-92、ISO 6886、GB/T 21121準拠によるバターの酸化安定性の測定、イオンクロマトグラフィによるラクトースフリーの牛乳中のラクトースの測定についても説明しています。

この技術資料では、自動滴定装置を使用した硫酸およびクロム酸陽極酸化浴の検査法について解説します。主成分であるアルミニウム、硫酸、クロム酸に加え、塩化物、シュウ酸、硫酸塩も測定します。

このアプリケーションでは、酸性およびアルカリ性スズめっき浴の分析のための電位差滴定法を紹介します。 スズ(II) / スズ(IV) / 総スズ、遊離フッ化ホウ酸または遊離硫酸、酸性スズ浴中の塩化物、アルカリ性スズ浴中の遊離水酸化物および炭酸塩を測定しています。

塩化物の滴定は、酸塩基滴定と共に、最も頻繁に用いられる滴定分析法の一つです。この技術資料では、自動滴定装置を用いて幅広い濃度の塩化物を測定する方法について解説しています。

電気伝導度、pH値、p値およびm値 (アルカリ度)、塩化物含有量、カルシウムおよびマグネシウム硬度、総硬度、ならびにフッ化物含有量などといったか物理的および化学的パラメータの測定は、水質評価において必要不可欠です。この bulletin では、上記のパラメータを、一度の分析実行でいかに測定できるかが説明されています。水質分析においてさらに重要なパラメータは、過マンガン酸塩指数 (PMI) および化学的酸素要求量 (COD) です。そのため、この Bulletin では、EN ISO 8467に準じたPMIの完全自動測定、ならびにDIN 38409-44に準じたCODの測定についても説明しています。

この会報は、水分析の分野からの標準的な方法の調査を提供します。また、それぞれの決定に必要な分析機器と、対応するメトロームアプリケーション速報およびアプリケーションノートへの参照もあります。次のパラメータが処理されます：電気伝導率、pH値、フッ化物、アンモニウムおよびケルダール窒素、イオンクロマトグラフィーによる陰イオンおよび陽イオン、ボルタンメトリーによる重金属、化学酸素需要（COD）、水の硬度、遊離塩素も他のいくつかの水の成分として。

This Bulletin describes the determination by ion chromatography of anions, particularly fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, and sulfate using the Hamilton PRPX100 IC anion column without chemical suppression.

Bethanechol is a pharmaceutical compound which is used to treat urinary retention. This API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) can be determined by cation chromatography with direct conductivity detection. A good separation is achieved between bethanechol and its degradation product 2-hydroxy-propyl-trimethyl ammonium (HPTA) and the standard cations. Peak shape and resolution meet the USP requirements for bethanechol.

石炭が燃焼すると、ハロゲンで大気が汚染されます。フッ素と塩素は石炭の自然の構成成分ですが、同様の臭化物は水銀排出を少なくするためにしばしば臭化カルシウムとして投入されます。この 技術資料では、異なる臭化物含有量を示す3つの石炭サンプルを燃焼法イオンクロマトグラフィシステムを使用して燃焼分解の結果を紹介しています。

ハロブチルゴムに含まれるハロゲンおよび硫黄成分は、燃焼法イオンクロマトグラフィシステムによって分析できます。

原油に含まれる有機塩化物の含有量は、蒸留後のナフサフラクションにおいてASTM D8150に則して燃焼法イオンクロマトグラフィシステムを使用して測定されます。

建築や装飾の用途に使われるポリマー材料は耐炎性が必要です。要求される対炎性の基準に達するため、プレーンポリマーに難燃剤が添加されています。難燃剤にはしばしばハロ有機化合物が用いられます。こういった化合物、および導入されたハロゲンの各濃度は、燃焼イオンクロマトグラフによって測定することができます。全システムのリカバリは認証標準物質 (CRM) によって試験確認済みです。

鉄鉱石は、鉄製品にとって重要な資源です。そのハロゲンの自然含有量は、個々のハロゲン化物の腐食による品質特性です。保護バイアルを使用した燃焼イオンクロマトグラフィは、鉄鉱石中のフッ素および塩素の分析に使われます。SO2の放出と、それによる硫黄回収を改善するためにWO3が通常助燃剤として添加されます。このアプリケーションでは、フッ化物の回収も著しく改善させています。

セルロースエステル膜は、塩化物溶媒を用いて製造されます。製造に用いられた溶媒残留物は数日で蒸発します。残留溶媒は熱分解熱による有機結合した塩素から塩化物への変換させて、燃焼イオンクロマトグラフフィシステムで測定します。最終製品は塩化物系の溶剤が残っていない状態である必要があります。危険な量のこれらの化合物が残っていないかを品質管理分析において測定することができます。このアプリケーションでは、単一の標準試料から正確な自動キャリブレーションカーブ作成もおこなっています。

This application focuses on the simultaneous analysis of cations and suppressed anions with a dual channel Metrohm IC operated by OpenLab CDS.

Ion chromatography (IC) provides an automated, fast, and sensitive solution to accurately quantify cationic and anionic components including acetate simultaneously. This comprehensive approach makes IC an economic alternative to traditional techniques for the quality control of pharmaceutical solutions like haemodialysis concentrates. Ease-of use, accuracy, and the high-throughput of IC increase productivity and comply with the demands of modern routine and research labs.

Determination of bromide and chloride in photographic developer solutions.

Determination of chloride in oil well drilling fluids.

Determination of low levels of chloride (to approximately 5 mg/L Cl-) by thermometric titration.

Determination of chloride in Bayer process liquor.

Determination of total halides (Cl- + Br- +I-) in seawater and similar brines. This procedure is suitable for the analysis of total halides in seawater contaminated with sodium aluminate solutions emanating from alumina refineries, and seawater which has been used for the neutralization of alumina refinery waste («red mud») slurries. Given the small concentration of bromine andiodine in seawater, the total halide content approximates the chloride concentration.

イオン選択性電極 (Cl-ISE) を用いた直接電位差測定による水サンプル中の塩化物の定量

特定の染料の合成において、塩化ナトリウムが副産物として生成されます。そのため、塩化物の含有量は重要なパラメータです。この Application Note では、Cl-イオン選択性電極を用いた標準添加による、染料に含まれる塩化物含有量の測定について説明しています。

アルコール抽出後のはんだペースト中の陰イオンの陰イオンクロマトグラフィーおよび直接電気伝導度検出による定量

過酸化水素を分解させることなく、試験混合物のシェーニガー吸収液中の陰イオンをイオンクロマトグラフィーおよび直接電気伝導度検出により定量する方法を紹介します。

イオンクロマトグラフィーおよび直接電気伝導度検出による乾燥ジャガイモ中の塩化物、硝酸塩、リン酸塩、硫酸塩およびシュウ酸塩の定量を紹介します。

イオンクロマトグラフィーおよび直接電気伝導度検出によるトルエン中の酢酸塩、ギ酸塩、塩化物、臭化物および硫酸塩の定量を紹介します。

イオンクロマトグラフ（直接伝導度検出法）を用いた植物葉抽出液中の塩化物、硝酸塩、リン酸塩および硫酸塩の定量を紹介します。

Determination of chloride, bromide, and iodide in alkaline combustion solutions using anion chromatography with direct conductivity detection.

Determination of acetate, lactate, and chloride in electrolyte solutions using anion chromatography with direct conductivity detection.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, and sulphate in sugar-containing solutions without matrix elimination using anion chromatography with direct conductometric detection.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, and sulfate in an effluent sample using anion chromatography with direct conductometric detetction.

Determination of fluoride and chloride in gypsum using anion chromatography and subsequent direct conductometric detection.

Determination of acetate, chloride, citrate, and sulfate in a concentrate of an infusion solution using anion chromatography with direct conductivity detection. Non-suppressed IC is used to avoid interferences by the amino acids.

Determination of chloride and sulfate in a reactive dye using anion chromatography with direct conductivity detection. Suppressed IC does not work as the dye is hydrolyzed in alkaline solution and releases sulfate.

Determination of acetate, chloride, and malate in an infusion solution using anion chromatography with direct conductivity detection.

Determination of acetate, phosphate, chloride, and citrate in an infusion solution using anion chromatography with direct conductivity detection.

Determination of chloride and sulfate in effluent after Metrohm Inline Dialysis using anion chromatography with direct conductivity detection.

Automated online analysis with the 2060 TI Ex Proof Process Analyzer facilitates constant monitoring of the crude oil desalting process according to ASTM D3230.

Measures to monitor or prevent corrosion are crucial in nuclear power plants, where significant risks to health and safety can occur if corrosion is left unchecked. Anions corrode metals under high temperature and pressure, therefore their concentrations must be monitored at all times. The analytical challenge in the primary circuit is detection of anions in the μg/L range alongside gram quantities of boric acid and lithium hydroxide. Precise, reliable trace analysis requires the method to be automated as much as possible. The 2060 IC Process Analyzer from Metrohm Process Analytics can measure several anions from a single injection, with combined Inline Preconcentration and Inline Matrix Elimination to measure low anion concentrations precisely and reliably time after time.

基礎化学工業界は、数千種もの原料の非常に大規模な生産に対する責任を負っています。一定レベルの不純度は様々なプロセスにおいて重大な問題を引き起こす可能性がある一方、下流産業は自社製品を製造するのに、一定レベルの化学的純度に依存しています。基礎化学物質である NaOH および KOH の製造中、皮膜セルを用いた飽和食塩水の電気分解後、蒸発によって更に濃縮された製品が生産されます。食塩水に用いられている塩からの不純物もまた濃縮されます。一般的に、こういった不純物の分析は、多様な保存期間を有する様々な有害化学物質を用いてオフラインで行われます。プロセスイオンクロマトグラフは、ASTM E1787-16に従って測定をオンラインで行うことができ、時間をかけることなく、またラボでの危険な実験を行わずに、製品の質を保証することができます。

Determination of trace levels of chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in boiler feed water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

A setup that allows online sampling is crucial for immediate and contamination-free analysis of power plant water samples. This application recommends a setup that facilitates simultaneous anion/cation determinations. Automated inline sample preparation combines variable preconcentration (MiPCT) and calibration with a single multi-ion standard. AN-Q-004 displays the respective cation results.

この技術資料では、可変濃縮とInline Matrix Elimination ( MiPCT-ME ) を組み合わせたInline Neutralization（ インライン中和 ）を使用することにより、注入前にほう酸を自動除去してからイオンクロマトグラフで微量アニオンを直接分析しています。

A combination of the 850 Professional IC and the 872 Extension Module Liquid Handling opens the field of Metrohm’s online monitoring by IC. In this application, Inline Preconcentration is coupled to Matrix Elimination (MiPCT-ME). By removing excess matrix components, corrosive anions can be sensitively determined. Additionally, this technique allows automated calibration using a single multi-ion standard solution. Online trace analysis for chloride and sulfate is possible for several different sample lines.

940 Professional IC Vario、942 Extension Module Vario LQH、941 Eluent Preparation Module の組み合わせにより、イオンクロマトグラフィーを使用したプロセス監視が可能となります。ProfIC Vario 12 Anion の名称を持つこの組み合わせは、Metrohm Process IC の陰イオンバージョンです。サンプル前処理には、マトリックス除去機能を備えたインテリジェント濃度調整技術が使用されます。ELGA PURELAB® Flex 6 の使用により、特にサンプル量が多い場合でも、最高品質の超純水の供給を保証します。

Determination of the anions in potable water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in cooling water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in wastewater using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

電気伝導度検出器付きイオンクロマトグによる地表水中のフッ化物、塩化物、亜硝酸塩、臭化物、硝酸塩、硫酸塩の測定アプリケーションです。

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, and sulfate in soil eluates using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, bromide, and sulfate in synthetic seawater using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, sulfate, oxalate, and fumarate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, sulfite, and sulfate in a surfactant solution using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, and nitrate in a solution of NiSO4, ZnSO4 in sulfuric acid using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, bromide, phosphate, and sulfate in an ashed baking additive using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of 1 (3) µg/L of chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate after direct injection using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in ultrapure water after sample preconcentration using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in surface water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression; nitrite with electrochemical detection (conductivity and ELCD detectors in series).

Determination of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in cutting oil emulsion using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

Determination of traces of chloride in a technical product using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in methanol using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, sulfate, chromate, methanesulfonic acid (MSA), methanedisulfonic acid (MDSA), and ethanedisulfonic acid (EDSA) in a chromium plating bath using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, and sulfate in rainwater using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, phosphate, and sulfate in boric acid using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Reproducibility of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, and sulfate in the ppb range using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of acetate, chloride, phosphate, and succinate in an infusion solution using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, sulfate, maleate, oxalate, and fumarate in ink using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, bromide, and sulfate in bath salts (sea salt) using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of glycolate, acetate, and chloride in monochloroacetic acid (MCA) using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride and sulfate in dust using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.Sample:dust sampleSample preparation:0.1 g of dust dissolved in 100 mL c(HNO3) = 0.02 mol/L 0.45 µm filtration

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in boric acid with sample preconcentration using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of traces of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in 15% NaOH using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and inline sample neutralization.

Determination of chloride, bromide, and sulfate in photographic process wastewater using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of acetate, propionate, formate, and chloride in water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, bromide, and sulfate in seawater using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, chlorate, and sulfate in soda lye (NaOH 50%) after inline neutralization using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, phosphate, and monofluorophosphate in glutamine monofluorophosphate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, sulfite, phosphate, and sulfate in wastewater using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in corrosion powder using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of acetate, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in aluminum oxide using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, phosphate, phosphite, and sulfate in a dye solution using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, bromide, sulfate, and iodide in mineral extracts using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in a protein formulation using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

Determination of gluconate, fluoride, formate, chloride, nitrate, and salicylate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, sulfite, sulfate, and thiosulfate in colored liquors using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride and sulfate in potassium tetraborate (KB4O7 * 4 H2O) using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, and sulfate in water for infusion solution production using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, bromide, and sulfate in process wastewater using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in wastewater using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in an electroplating bath after inline elimination of heavy metals by cation exchange on the 793 IC Sample Prep Module using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in Schoeniger absorption solution using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of borate and chloride with direct conductivity detection (exhausted MSM). After the introduction of the fresh MSM unit and after the eluent change, sulfate is analyzed with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in sodium thiocyanate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of formate, acetate, chloride, benzoate, and oxalate in phenolic extracts using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of acetate, chloride, sulfate, and citrate in a pharmaceutical product using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, phosphate, monofluorophosphate, and sulfate in toothpaste using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, glycolate, monochloroacetate, and chloride in a surfactant solution using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

Determination of fluoride, glycolate, chloride, and oxalate in a latex dispersion using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in a meat extract (Na2B4O7) after Carrez clearing using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chlorite, chloride, sulfite, and oxalate in beer using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in 20% NaOH after inline neutralization by cation exchange on the 793 IC Sample Prep Module using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, and oxalate in human urine using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, benzoate, and sulfate in PVC film using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of lactate, acetate, chloride, methylsulfate, bromide, and sulfate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, sulfite, and sulfate in river water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, and citrate in beverages using anion chromatography with a high-pressure gradient and conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, bromide, nitrate, sulfite, sulfate, phosphate, oxalate, thiosulfate, and thiocyanate (heat stable salts) in scrubber solutions using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride and sulfate in hypophosphoric acid using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride and sulfate in succinic acid using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, cyanate, azide, nitrate, chlorate, sulfate, thiocyanate, thiosulfate, and perchlorate in an extract of explosives using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, trimetaphosphate, and tripolyphosphate in tetrasodium pyrophosphate using anion chromatography with a high pressure gradient and conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, trimeta-, and pyrophosphate in tripolyphosphate using anion chromatography with a high pressure gradient and conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

電気伝導度検出器とケミカルサプレッサを備えた陰イオンクロマトグラフィーを用いて、酸性洗浄溶液中の臭素酢酸イオン、メタンスルホン酸イオン、塩化物イオン、リン酸イオン、硫酸イオンを定量します。

Determination of chloride in concentrated nitric acid using anion chromatography with conductivity detection and chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, oxalate, thiosulfate, iodide, and citrate in a standard solution using anion chromatography with a high pressure gradient and conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, and sulfate in cooling lubricants using anion chromatography with conductivity and UV detection (230 nm) after chemical suppression and inline sample preparation by dialysis.

Determination of traces of fluoride, chloride, bromide, nitrate, and sulfate in a boiler feed water containing 10 mg/L ammonia using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and inline sample preparation by cation exchange.

Determination of traces of fluoride, acetate, formate, chloride, and sulfate in an ion exchanger eluate containing 2 g/L nitrate using anion chromatography with a step gradient and conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of the method detection limit (MDL) and method quantification limit (MQL) of bromate in drinking water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of acetate, chloride, and sulfate in mayonnaise using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and inline sample preparation by dialysis.

Determination of lactate, formate, chloride, phosphate, and sulfate in orange juice using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and inline sample preparation by dialysis.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, and sulfate in betaine using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, and sulfate in inositol using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, sulfite, sulfate, oxalate, and thiosulfate in lignin using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, bromide, nitrate, sulfate, and trifluoroacetate (TFA) in a peptide sample using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of traces of chloride in a quaternary ammonium hydroxide using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and inline cation exchange to remove the matrix cations.

Determination of acetate, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in mayonnaise using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and advanced dialysis for inline sample preparation.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, and sulfate in an absorption solution containing H2O2 using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, acetate, formate, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in wastewater containing N-methylpyrrolidone using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and inline matrix elimination.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, and iodide in a mineral water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride in a child's sweat using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in a strongly alkaline solution using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, and sulfate in a used zinc bath using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, phosphate, and sulfate in beer wort using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of 21 anions and organic acids using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and applying a high pressure gradient.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in water from an agricultural irrigation system using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, acetate, formate, and chloride in gasoline using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, acetate, formate, and chloride in a brake fluid using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, selenite, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, and selenate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of formate, chloride, nitrite, phosphite, phosphate, sulfite, nitrate, and sulfate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride and bromide in an absorption solution after Wickbold digestion using anion chromatographywith conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride in bethanechol tablets using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of trace levels of chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in a boiler feed water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Qualitative determination of chloride, phosphate, and sulfate as well as chlorite, nitrite, chlorate, bromide, and chromate in urine using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, and sulfate in a closed cooling water system using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of glycolate, formate, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, and oxalate in engine coolant using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in a borate effluent using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, phosphate, sulfite, bromide, nitrate, and sulfate in a beer using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in dimethylacetamide using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and oxalate in a perfluorocarbon material using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride and sulfate in an electrolyte used in sensors for transcutaneous CO2 measurement using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

このアプリケーションでは、飲料水中の塩化物イオン、硝酸イオン、硫酸イオンに加え、臭素酸イオン、亜塩素酸イオン、塩素酸イオンなどの消毒副生成物をUS EPA 300.1に従って分析しています。単一測定で高感度・高効率なイオンクロマトグラフィーを実現します。

Determination of chloride and sulfate in ethanol using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

加圧水型原子炉（PWR）一次冷却水中のフッ素イオン、グリコール酸イオン、酢酸イオン、蟻酸イオン、塩化物イオン、亜硝酸イオン、硝酸イオンおよび硫酸イオンを、化学抑制後の導電率検出法を用いた陰イオンクロマトグラフィーにより定量し、Metrohm インラインキャリブレーションにて校正を行った。

Determination of chloride, chlorate, and sulfate in soda lye (50% sodium hydroxide) using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression and Metrohm Inline Neutralization.

Determination of chloride, sulfite, sulfate, and thiosulfate in a process water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and subsequent UV/VIS detection.

Determination of fluoride, acetate, propionate, formate, butyrate, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, benzoate, phosphate, sulfate, malonate, and oxalate in an industrial process water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression.

連続サプレッションおよびインラインマトリックス中和後に電気伝導度検出器を備えた陰イオンクロマトグラフィーを使用して、20% TMAOH 中のギ酸塩、塩化物、硝酸塩、リン酸塩、および硫酸塩を測定します。

Determination of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in 85% H3PO4 using two-dimensional anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression.

Determination of fluoride, acetate, formate, chloride, sulfate, malonate, succinate, and oxalate in Bayer liquor using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression.

Determination of the cross contamination of 100 mg/L of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate to ultrapure water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and inline ultrafiltration.

Determination of fluoride, hypophosphite, chlorite, bromate, chloride, nitrite, bromide, chlorate, nitrate, phosphite, phosphate, sulfate, arsenate, iodide, chromate, and perchlorate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after gradient elution and chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, and citrate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in produced water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

Determination of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate in cobalt acetate solution using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression using Metrohm Inline Dilution.

Determination of chloride, nitrite, nitrate, and sulfate in an ambient aerosol (PM2.5) using aerosol sampling with the PILS (Particle Into Liquid Sampler) and anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression.

電気伝導度検出およびシーケンシャルサプレッション付き陰イオンクロマトグラフィによる混合燃料 E85 (エタノール 85% およびガソリン 15%) 中のフッ化物、酢酸塩、ギ酸塩、塩化物、亜硝酸塩、硝酸塩、リン酸塩および硫酸塩の測定を紹介しています。インラインマトリックス除去はサンプル前処理の役割を果たします。

Determination of fluoride, chloride, bromide, and iodide in petroleum coke after microwave combustion using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression.

メトロームインテリジェントパーシャルループ インジェクションの技術は、イオンクロマトグラフィにおいて、標準溶液のうち1:100（例えば、2μL～200μL注入容量に対応する1μg/L～100μg/L）の可変注入を可能にします。可変注入の全範囲をサンプルに適用すると、1つのキャリブレーションは100倍のサンプル濃度範囲をカバーします。

Determination of fluoride, acetate, formate, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate impurities in syringe filters using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate on a short column or the ions mentioned plus bromate and nitrite on a long column in water samples applying intelligent column-switching using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression.

Determination of fluoride, chloride, and nitrate in concentrated sulfuric acid (96…98%) using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression.

冷却潤滑油に含まれる主要な陰イオンをサンプル自動前処理システム（インライン透析）を使用して、時間のかかる前処理工程を自動化し、イオンクロマトグラフで測定したアプリケーションです。

Determination of fluoride, formate, acetate, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, sulfate, oxalate, and molybdate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and Metrohm Inline Dialysis.